Raúl Necochea López, A History of Family Planning in Twentieth-Century Peru (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2014), pp. xii, 234, paperback, ISBN: 978-1-4696-1808-1.

nation state to see this issue from the perspective of Japanese Kampo medicine. Japanese reformers in the early twentieth century shared the similar antiquarian fascination with the Treatise on Cold Damage and were even more immersed in the world of biomedicine than their Chinese contemporaries. They considered their attempts to revitalise Japanese Kampo medicine through their meticulous readings of the Shanghanlun and the selective incorporation of aspects of biomedicine to be recovering the original intent of this classic text. The Japanese example is not unrelated case, because, as Lei himself recognises, this scholarship was very influential in China during this period. Notwithstanding this issue, Lei’s systematic and inspiring analysis reveals dimensions of the intellectual and political currents surrounding Chinese medicine that are more multifaceted than ever imagined. The republican label of mongrel medicine was an omen for Chinese medicine, which would undergo an even more drastic blending of medical systems in the Communist era.1